Chronological List of African Independence

Most nations in Africa were colonized by European states in the early modern era, including a burst of colonization in the Scramble for Africa from 1880 to 1900. But this condition was reversed over the course of the next century by independence movements. Here are the dates of independence for African nations. Country Independence Date Prior ruling country Liberia, Republic of July 26, 1847 - South Africa, Republic of May 31, 1910 Britain Egypt, Arab Republic of Feb. 28, 1922 Britain Ethiopia, People's Democratic Republic of May 5, 1941 Italy Libya (Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya) Dec. 24, 1951 Britain Sudan, Democratic Republic of Jan. 1, 1956 Britain/Egypt Morocco, Kingdom of March 2, 1956 France Tunisia, Republic of March 20, 1956 France Morocco (Spanish Northern Zone, Marruecos) April 7, 1956 Spain Morocco (International Zone, Tangiers) Oct. 29, 1956 - Ghana, Republic of March 6, 1957 Britain Morocco (Spanish Southern Zone, Marruecos) April 27, 1958 Spain Guinea, Republic of Oct. 2, 1958 France Cameroon, Republic of Jan. 1 1960 France Senegal, Republic of April 4, 1960 France Togo, Republic of April 27, 1960 France Mali, Republic of Sept. 22, 1960 France Madagascar, Democratic Republic of June 26, 1960 France Congo (Kinshasa), Democratic Republic of the June 30, 1960 Belgium Somalia, Democratic Republic of July 1, 1960 Britain Benin, Republic of Aug. 1, 1960 France Niger, Republic of Aug. 3, 1960 France Burkina Faso, Popular Democratic Republic of Aug. 5, 1960 France Cà ´te d'Ivoire, Republic of (Ivory Coast) Aug. 7, 1960 France Chad, Republic of Aug. 11, 1960 France Central African Republic Aug. 13, 1960 France Congo (Brazzaville), Republic of the Aug. 15, 1960 France Gabon, Republic of Aug. 16, 1960 France Nigeria, Federal Republic of Oct. 1, 1960 Britain Mauritania, Islamic Republic of Nov. 28, 1960 France Sierra Leone, Republic of Apr. 27, 1961 Britain Nigeria (British Cameroon North) June 1, 1961 Britain Cameroon(British Cameroon South) Oct. 1, 1961 Britain Tanzania, United Republic of Dec. 9, 1961 Britain Burundi, Republic of July 1, 1962 Belgium Rwanda, Republic of July 1, 1962 Belgium Algeria, Democratic and Popular Republic of July 3, 1962 France Uganda, Republic of Oct. 9, 1962 Britain Kenya, Republic of Dec. 12, 1963 Britain Malawi, Republic of July 6, 1964 Britain Zambia, Republic of Oct. 24, 1964 Britain Gambia, Republic of The Feb. 18, 1965 Britain Botswana, Republic of Sept. 30, 1966 Britain Lesotho, Kingdom of Oct. 4, 1966 Britain Mauritius, State of March 12, 1968 Britain Swaziland, Kingdom of Sept. 6, 1968 Britain Equatorial Guinea, Republic of Oct. 12, 1968 Spain Morocco (Ifni) June 30, 1969 Spain Guinea-Bissau, Republic of Sept. 24, 1973(alt. Sept. 10, 1974) Portugal Mozambique, Republic of June 25. 1975 Portugal Cape Verde, Republic of July 5, 1975 Portugal Comoros, Federal Islamic Republic of the July 6, 1975 France Sà £o Tomà © and Principe, Democratic Republic of July 12, 1975 Portugal Angola, People's Republic of Nov. 11, 1975 Portugal Western Sahara Feb. 28, 1976 Spain Seychelles, Republic of June 29, 1976 Britain Djibouti, Republic of June 27, 1977 France Zimbabwe, Republic of April 18, 1980 Britain Namibia, Republic of March 21, 1990 South Africa Eritrea, State of May 24, 1993 Ethiopia Notes: Ethiopia  is usually considered to have never been colonized, but following the invasion by Italy in 1935-36 Italian settlers arrived. Emperor Haile Selassie was deposed and went into exile in the UK. He regained his throne on 5 May 1941 when he re-entered Addis Ababa with his troops. Italian resistance was not completely overcome until 27th November 1941.Guinea-Bissau  made a Unilateral Declaration of Independence on Sept. 24, 1973, now considered as Independence Day. However, independence was only recognized by Portugal on 10 September 1974 as a result of the Algiers Accord of Aug. 26, 1974.Western Sahara  was immediately seized by Morocco, a move contested by Polisario (Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra and Rio del Oro).

Persuasive Essay On Procrastination - 2021 Words

Have you ever postponed something super important because you wanted to have fun on a Friday night? Convincing yourself â€Å"Oh, I’ll just get it done tomorrow?† This action of putting off a task until the next day or a later time is called procrastination. Someone displaying procrastination would either be delaying their work for another job that they consider more important or distracting themselves with an activity that is more interesting. Many people believe that only disorganized or lazy people acquire or pick up this intrusive habit, but I disagree with this misconception. Productive people, too, occasionally lack the desire to get things done on time. Take for example myself; I have always struggled with this mannerism and even more†¦show more content†¦The prefrontal cortex is what makes an individual decide to engage in a task. With that in mind, putting work off makes it easier for the limbic system to dominate and give immediate pleasure feelings which the brain prefers. In other words, people begin to manipulate this perception and enjoy the short-term effects because it becomes more satisfying not to complete the task. This habit can start to control how or when we choose to tend to our responsibilities (Spencer). I recognize this feeling on a daily basis. For example, there was a day that I decided I was going to study in the library as I would hopefully be more productive in that setting. However, as soon as I sat down I began to fiddle with everything I could get my hands on. From obnoxiously twirling my pencil to watching time-consuming YouTube videos, I wasn t very productive, and as a result, I had to cram until two AM for an exam the next day. I had always known that procrastination was satisfying, and now with this new information that confirms that it feeds off of my good feelings based on my body s anatomy. Moving on, I then researched how to recognize why myself and others procrastinate in the first place. 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Alone in the dark Essay Example For Students

Alone in the dark Essay Robert Frost was indeed one of the most important and influential writers in the history of American Literature. His unique style and incredible use of imageries give his readers a deep understanding of his works. In his poem, Acquainted with the Night, by using a smooth and static rhythm, bleak and dreary imageries, unique diction, and well-thought syntax of sentences, Frost conveys a feeling of lonesome and isolation. The poems beat is very calm and is in perfect iambic pentameter, which creates a nice and easy flow throughout the poem, giving the reader a sense of solitude. The rhyming scheme of the poem is in a form called a terza rhima, a rhyming effect usually achieved with extreme difficulty, but Frost did it with sheer genius, allowing the reader to more easily read the poem by identifying one line with another. This arrangement of rhymes further emphasizes the peaceful sound of the poem. In line ten, the author changes the spelling of the word goodbye to good-by, reasons bei ng that one, to rhyme with the latter line, two to highlight the syllable by, which is a stressed sound of this line. By emphasizing this word, Frost again indicate the situation of being left alone, being discarded into the dark city, whether it is by a person, or by society. Frosts use of vivid imageries expresses his feeling of puzzlement, lonesomeness, and isolation. In line two, by using the indication of rain, it gives the reader a feel of the bleak, dark environment. Lines such as I have walked the furthest city light and I have looked down the saddest city lane give the reader a vivid image of the endless dark avenue, the dying streetlight, and the lonely walk in an unfamiliar town (3,4). By presenting the night watchman, the reader can connect him with the character of the night watchman, who stands as the symbol of seclusion. Later on in the poem, he leads the readers to imagine not only an image, but also a sound, When far away an interrupted cry. This sound further empha sizes the situation he is in, when the author states, But not to call me back or say good-by, which indicated that the sound was not meant for him (8,10). Through this sound imagery, the reader can infer the feeling of disappointment and rejection the author feels as he strode down the strange city.What adds to Frosts style of vivid imagery even more is his diction. He chooses words that are strong enough create a lively picture, but yet still soft to fit the mellow flow of the poem. In line twelve, his use of the word luminary strikes the readers mind with its sound (onomatopoeia), which brings the picture of the moon in front of the reader. Using line eleven, he states his feeling of desperation and hopelessness, in which he describes the moon as at an unearthly height, meaning that hope is unreachable, and loneliness is unavoidable. While seeing the moon, the only light and hope of the city, the author conveys his mixed feelings of right or wrong. Frost uses the method of repetit ion to further cross his point presented to the reader. First, by using I have as the beginning of each sentence for lines one through five, seven and fourteen, he strikes the point of his own acquaintance, conveying a more personal feeling, allowing the reader to relate and place his/herself into the situation as the loner in the dark world. Then, in line 2, he uses the word rain twice to create and embellish the dark and bleak environment as the setting. Finally, his usage of the line I have been one acquainted with the night in both the first line and the last line, serves two purposes. As an opening, the sentence leads the reader to predict the context, to wonder what he is about to tell them about his acquaintance with the night. As a closing, this same sentence serves to conclude his sadness, and to end his story with the audience, as if they were watching. .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 , .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 .postImageUrl , .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 , .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7:hover , .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7:visited , .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7:active { border:0!important; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7:active , .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7 .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u39902cf03bdaff771e9009a88d05eed7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Environmental Threats Essay This poems gloomy and miserable tone intends to express the feeling of seclusion that everyone feels. Whether a stranger in the city, or a loner in the town, Frosts intention is for the poem to connect to every readers heart. His utilization of visual imagery, diction, syntax, and a nice flowing rhyme and meter allows the readers to connect more easily, and to understand the poem more readily. Bibliography: